1.2 On To The Summit: We Reach The Top
By:
Tenzing Norgay
ICE BREAKERS
A1:- Discuss with your partner and complete the web of different activities related to climbing.
Ans:-
A2:- There are certain
prerequisites for Mountaineering. With reference to the following points,
develop a short dialogue between you and your
friend about mountaineering.
Ans:-
(1)
Ragini : - Hi Shilpa ! So, you are coming for the
hike, aren’t you?Shilpa : - Oh, yes. It’s my first overnight hike, so I had to think about things like night clothes and
toothbrushes too ! It’s good thing that the weather is pleasant.
Shilpa : - The distance too is just right. Not too far and not too near. Where will we stay? Do we need
Shilpa : - The distance too is just right. Not too far and not too near. Where will we stay? Do we need
tents? Ropes and things like that?
Ragini : - No, there is a school where hikers normally stay. They also have a canteen, so we do not
Ragini : - No, there is a school where hikers normally stay. They also have a canteen, so we do not
need to carry dinner or breakfast. In fact, we do not carry any food
at all; it will be provided
on route at various points. All heavy equipments like ropes, etc. are carried
by the leader.
Shilpa
:- That’s good.
Ragini :- Don’t forget, your clothes must be comfortable and light.
Shilpa :- Yes, I have made all arrangements.
Ragini :- It will be a great fun. Bye.
Shilpa :- Bye.
Mayank: Yes, I am planning for some days in September-October. Are you interested in joining?
Ashish : Yes, I am. But I'm not very confident.
Mayank: Then we will go to Mount Kilimanjaro to start with. But before that you must begin with
Ragini :- Don’t forget, your clothes must be comfortable and light.
Shilpa :- Yes, I have made all arrangements.
Ragini :- It will be a great fun. Bye.
Shilpa :- Bye.
(2)
Ashish : Hey Mayank! When
is your next plan for mountaineering?Mayank: Yes, I am planning for some days in September-October. Are you interested in joining?
Ashish : Yes, I am. But I'm not very confident.
Mayank: Then we will go to Mount Kilimanjaro to start with. But before that you must begin with
small practices like walking, stair climbing and may be uphill hiking a bit.
Ashish : What are the usual equipments that we need? You must be having most of them.
Mayank: Honestly peaking, we need a lot of equipments and yes, I have some. But, let's visit a
Ashish : What are the usual equipments that we need? You must be having most of them.
Mayank: Honestly peaking, we need a lot of equipments and yes, I have some. But, let's visit a
mountaineering equipment shop one day to get an idea of the latest ones,
convenient as well
as inexpensive. I have the basic ones like tent, headlight, map, compass, cap, jackets,
gloves,
sunscreen, lip balm, etc.
Ashish : Oh! You have
quite a lot. Let's visit the shop tomorrow.
Mayank: But, you need to talk to a fitness expert to get the guidance, because a fit climber spends less
Mayank: But, you need to talk to a fitness expert to get the guidance, because a fit climber spends less
energy. He will suggest what type of fitness regime we should follow
as well as can
recommend a good trainer.
Ashish : Yes, I know,
Mental and Physical fitness are the main ingredients for the success of a
mountaineer. Tomorrow, I will come to your place and we'll plan everything.
We have to start
as soon as possible.
Mayank: You are most welcome. See you tomorrow.
A3:- Discuss with your partner the various hazards and risks that a mountaineer/ trekker has to face in an expedition.
Ans:-
Mayank: You are most welcome. See you tomorrow.
A3:- Discuss with your partner the various hazards and risks that a mountaineer/ trekker has to face in an expedition.
Ans:-
Points:-
(1) Natural- climate, avalanche, rock falls, altitude, falling ice,
animal, etc.
(2) Man-made- lack of fitness, over-exertion, accidents, bad equipment, bad planning of route, lack of
(2) Man-made- lack of fitness, over-exertion, accidents, bad equipment, bad planning of route, lack of
team work, food, etc.
The hazards and risks for a mountaineer/trekker may be:
(i) Bad visibility caused by bad weather (mist, rain, snow) or darkness is a major hazard.
(ii) Snow and ice can make a simple path a very dangerous one, especially if there is a steep drop off
The hazards and risks for a mountaineer/trekker may be:
(i) Bad visibility caused by bad weather (mist, rain, snow) or darkness is a major hazard.
(ii) Snow and ice can make a simple path a very dangerous one, especially if there is a steep drop off
near by.
(iii) Rock fall is a common mishap during heavy snow and rain.
(iv) Lightening can cause a major problem at some places.
(v) Flash floods due to storm might be risky.
(vi) A mountaineer cannot ignore rain and wind. Rain makes the path towards upward climbing slippery
(iii) Rock fall is a common mishap during heavy snow and rain.
(iv) Lightening can cause a major problem at some places.
(v) Flash floods due to storm might be risky.
(vi) A mountaineer cannot ignore rain and wind. Rain makes the path towards upward climbing slippery
and a strong wind can cause loss of balance of a mountaineer, making
climbing impossible.
(vii) Hypothermia, that is, lowering of the body's natural temperature to 32° C due to wet clothing and
(vii) Hypothermia, that is, lowering of the body's natural temperature to 32° C due to wet clothing and
heat loss because of strong wind, can be a
big hindrance. If it is not treated immediately, severe
hypothermia may occur
leading to fatalities.
(viii) Heat exhaustion and dehydration are very common problems because of difficult physical work.
(viii) Heat exhaustion and dehydration are very common problems because of difficult physical work.
Timely care should be taken by pouring water on the victim to avoid
heatstroke. The patient
should be urgently given cold water mixed with a small amount of salt and sugar to refresh him.
A4:- Give reasons for the 'rope’ being called a symbol.
Ans:- The Rope was a symbol because it tied Hillary and Tenzing together. One could not move without other. They were not two individuals but a team, and they could only reach the summit if they worked as a team.
A5:- List the ways in which Tenzing Norgay celebrates on reaching the top.
Ans:-
1. He offers a silent prayer to God.
2. He places on the summit the offerings to God which he had carried with him.
3. He holds up the flags that he had brought with him, and Hillary takes photographs.
A6:- Discuss in pairs about any controversy in which you have got embroiled. Also speak of your experience to the class.
Ans:- Controversies are parts and parcels of our lives and most of the times they are man-made. It happened with me also when I made an innocent comment about one of my classmates. There was a lot of hue and cry about these comments as it was reported by adding fuel to it. But I decided to talk to my classmate and the matter was resolved amicably.
Ans:- Tenzing and Hillary were well-informed about the flat side of the summit, its steep rise, rocky and snowy sides too. It was decided that Tenzing would lead the mission followed by Hillary in the beginning and this position would be alternated. They would be tied together by a rope. They started early from camp nine. Tenzing carried the flags of Britain, The United Nations, Nepal and India to be put on the top of Mount Everest. They steadily climbed for an hour and faced the difficulties of steep rocks on the west side. The last fifty feet to the top was made easier by their togetherness and they officially announced that without making any attempts to take the credit for conquering Mt. Everest first. Four flags were put by Tenzing wearing the red scarf gifted by his friend. Both of them stayed safely at the top for fifteen minutes.
(A2) (i) Complete the web highlighting the feelings/emotions of Tenzing after reaching the summit.
2. He places on the summit the offerings to God which he had carried with him.
3. He holds up the flags that he had brought with him, and Hillary takes photographs.
A6:- Discuss in pairs about any controversy in which you have got embroiled. Also speak of your experience to the class.
Ans:- Controversies are parts and parcels of our lives and most of the times they are man-made. It happened with me also when I made an innocent comment about one of my classmates. There was a lot of hue and cry about these comments as it was reported by adding fuel to it. But I decided to talk to my classmate and the matter was resolved amicably.
BRAINSTORMING
Ans:- Tenzing and Hillary were well-informed about the flat side of the summit, its steep rise, rocky and snowy sides too. It was decided that Tenzing would lead the mission followed by Hillary in the beginning and this position would be alternated. They would be tied together by a rope. They started early from camp nine. Tenzing carried the flags of Britain, The United Nations, Nepal and India to be put on the top of Mount Everest. They steadily climbed for an hour and faced the difficulties of steep rocks on the west side. The last fifty feet to the top was made easier by their togetherness and they officially announced that without making any attempts to take the credit for conquering Mt. Everest first. Four flags were put by Tenzing wearing the red scarf gifted by his friend. Both of them stayed safely at the top for fifteen minutes.
(A2) (i) Complete the web highlighting the feelings/emotions of Tenzing after reaching the summit.
Ans:- 
Ans:-
(ii) Glance through the text again and explain
the qualities of Tenzing Norgay. Pick lines that show his unique qualities. One
is done for you.
(iii)
Write down the significance of the following in the context of 'On to the
Summit':
(i) Red Scarf (ii)
husiar (iii) Kerosene flavoured tea (iv)
Ice axe (v) Anchor
Ans:-
(a) Red Scarf:
The red scarf was given to Tenzing by his good friend Lambert who was the
leader of the Swiss Expedition of 1952. This scarf reminded Tenzing of their
successful mission, a year ago and rejuvenated him to feel fit, energetic, and
excited for the completion of another mission
(b) Husiar:
This code-mixing makes Tenzing's knowledge about mountaineering clearer to the
readers. Both Tenzing and Hillary did not take it easy while climbing down.
After successful completion, they were not over-confident and were fully aware
of the technique and caution needed for the downward journey.
(c) Kerosene Flavored Tea:
This tea was brought by C.W.F. Noyce for Tenzing and Hillary from camp eight
and he had to do a lot of climbing up and down for that. Some amount of Kerosene
got mixed with the tea as it was made in a hurry. Tenzing did not make Mr.
Noyce feel guilty as both the mountaineers were grateful for getting hot tea at
a time when they needed it the most. The gentleman had taken so much trouble to
serve them tea and they were not bothered about its flavour.
(d) Ice axe:
Tenzing used his ice-axe to tie one end of the four flags of Britain, the
United Nations and Nepal and the other end was held up by him. Hillary took his
pictures holding all the flags up. But he needed his ice-axe for climbing down.
So he had to remove his ice-axe and buried one end of the flags in the snow on
the slope down below and other end in the ice on the top. Obviously, they fell
down but Tenzing had no choice but to remove his ice-axe
(e) Anchor:
An anchor is a person who is strong and reliable. He makes people feel safe and
confident. In mountaineering, the man who follows while climbing has a
difficult job both in climbing up and climbing down. Tenzing and Hillary
decided to alternate this job of anchoring so that the person leading feels
safer. This proved that their expedition was a team-work where both shared the
responsibility of being the anchor in order to have a successful mission.
(A3) (i) Add suitable suffixes (-tion,- ly,
-ment, -ous) and prefixes (un, il, im) to the words given below. One is done
for you.
Ans:- 
(ii) By filling appropriate letters in the blank spaces,
you will get a past participle from it. Use the word as adjective in your own sentence.
One is done for you.
(a) s _ _ n _ d
Ans:- Word- signed.
The advocate took all the signed documents to the court.
(b) p_ _ z _ d
Ans:- Word-prized.
My grandmother's diary is a prized possession for me.
(c) f_ _ t_ e n e_
Ans:- Word- flattened. On the highway we were in great trouble due
to the flattened tyre.
(d) b _ i _ e_
Ans:- Word- boiled. My sister loves to eat boiled egg.
(iii) Spot the error. One is done for you.
E.g. I was not
afraid for die that day.
Correct Sentence- I was not afraid to die that
day.
(a) Tenzing and Hillary made an pact at the office of P M
of Nepal.
Ans:- Correct Sentence- Tenzing and
Hillary made a pact in the office of PM of Nepal.
(b) I has to bring my ice axe down with me.
Ans:- Correct Sentence- I had to bring my ice axe down
with me.
(c) Tenzing have spent a night with Camp Eight.
Ans:- Correct Sentence- Tenzing had
spent a night at Camp Eight.
(d) Pact was signed from Tenzing and Hillary.
Ans:- Correct Sentence- A
pact was signed between Tenzing and Hillary.
(e) I and Hillary were in no mood of talking.
Ans:- Correct Sentence- Hillary and I
were in no mood for any talking.
(A4) When Tenzing and Hillary reached the summit, Tenzing
in utter joy said, “We have done it.” In this sentence the subject (we) is the
doer of the action while it (achieving the feat) is the subject. The verb of
passive voice is formed by using the correct form of the verb ‘to be’ + past
participle of the main verb. Construct the sentences accordingly.
Now carefully go through the changes in
both the sentences and do the changes accordingly in the remaining sentences.
• We have done it.
It has been done by us.
(a) We made a pact.
Ans:- A pact was made by us.
(b) I offered silent prayer in my heart.
Ans:-Silent prayer in my heart was offered by me.
(c) Colonel Hunt gave me three flags.
Ans:- Three flags were given to me by Colonel Hunt.
(d) I was carrying the Indian flag.
Ans:- The Indian flag
was being carried by me.
(e) I took photographs of Tenzing holding aloft the
flags.
Ans:- Photographs of
Tenzing holding aloft the flags were taken by me.
(f) I remembered him.
Ans:- He was remembered
by me.
(g) We spent the night at Camp Eight.
Ans:- The night was spent at Camp Eight by us.
(A5) (i) After reading the text one can easily understand that there is a lot of risk involved in
mountaineering. Write in short about any adventure sport that you like and the risk involved in
it.
Ans:- I
like Bungee-jumping a lot and have taken part in it at Lonavala Bungee-jumping.
I am sure, many of you know that it is an activity where the participant jumps
from a tall structure but he is obviously connected to a large elastic cord. It
is thrilling and one needs a lot of courage to take part in it since a number
of risks are involved in it. Most common injuries are fracture, strains,
sprains, bruising, chronic stress features. But the most dangerous risk is
acute head injuries. Lots of precautions are being taken by the organizers but
one needs to think whether it is worth taking such risks just for the sake of
adventure.
(ii) Give your opinion: Whether we should or should
not participate in adventure sports because...........
Ans:- Every coin has
two sides, so do adventure sports. Adventure sports do have some benefits. They
are as follows:
(i) Boost self confidence.
(ii) Stay mentally sharp.
(iii) Help to cope with challenges in life.
(iv) Spark the desire to explore.
However, the negative
aspects of adventure sports can be quite disturbing as:
(i) They can cause serious health issues.
(ii) They are obviously very dangerous.
(iii) Regular safety precautions may not be stringently followed
to prevent life threatening injuries.
It depends on the
individual to assess his/her own character traits as well as the pros and cons
of the sport, to come to the final decision to take part in any adventure
sports with proper training.
(A6) (i) Tenzing and
Hillary created history by reaching the summit of Mt. Everest. There are many
mountains in Maharashtra where one can fancy his or her chances of climbing
them. Imagine that you have climbed a mountain and are immensely thrilled and
excited. Write a letter to your friend about it.
Ans:-
XYZ
ABC Apartment,
Flat No. 4, 29h Road,
Shivaji Nagar, Pune.
11 July 2019.
Dear Manav,
How are you? I am writing to you after a long time. These days I feel so
lazy to write letters, thanks to modern technologies. But today, I am very
excited. I went on my first trek last week and I wanted to share with you the
details of my trekking experience.
You obviously know, Maharashtra lies amidst the Western Ghats and it
welcomes the rains to the beautiful ranges of the Sahayadris. Last week my
close friends and I decided to go to Lonavala and from there to Lohagad Fort
for trekking, which is for the beginners. We were told that Lohagad Fort trek
was not very difficult. We could reach up to the fort to witness some of the
most spectacular views in the Lonavala trekking region.
It took us about three to four hours to reach the summit. I must admit
that the initial fear was there. But after reaching the peak and seeing the
magnificent view all around, we felt that it was worth going there. Something I
must tell you here before I forget. My elder brother Deepak has joined as an
executive in a good company and he was my money-bag this time, I felt so,
fortunate. Coming back to my expedition, the descent was easier as we were all
in a jovial mood for completing the mission (to me, it was a mission only, my
first trek) successfully. We have taken beautiful photographs of the
surroundings which is breathtakingly beautiful. The waterfalls, lakes, streams,
rock-climbing patches, hillocks all around are real wonders of Mother Earth.
When are you planning to come to Pune? I’m eagerly waiting for showing
you the photographs. How are Uncle and Aunty. Give them my regards.
Yours lovingly
XYZ
(ii) You are the college representative and your Principal has
assigned you the task of writing a letter to the Divisional Officer, Satpuda
Mountain Ranges, Nagpur, seeking permission for the mountaineering expedition
to be organized by your college.
Ans:-
Harshad Kale
College Representative
XYZ College of Arts and Commerce,
Ghatkopar (East)
Mumbai - 400 077.
11t July, 2019
To,
Divisional Officer,
Satpuda Mountain Range,
Nagpur.
Subject: Permission for the mountaineering expedition to be
organized by our college.
Respected Sir/Madam.
I am Harshad Kale, the College Representative of XYZ College of Arts and
Commerce. On behalf of my Principal Dr. Sunil Patil I would request you to
grant me the permission for organizing the mountaineering expedition.
I would like to inform you that NCC Unit of our college has planned for
the mountaineering expedition from 25th to 30th July. The students who are selected for
taking part are all expert trekkers and they will be accompanied by experienced
mountaineers as well as our Professors who go regularly for trekking. Our
Principal has instructed to arrange for all precautionary measures and is
personally taking care of all arrangements.
We shall be obliged if you kindly permit us to carry on the expedition.
Awaiting your positive response.
Thanking you
Yours Sincerely
Harshad Kale
Enclosed:-
(a) Copy of the expedition programme.
(b) Letter of permission from Principal Dr. Sunil Patil.
(iii)
Convert the letter into e-mail format.
Ans:-
● Comparisons
• Look at the sentences given below. Find out which one is correct. If the sentence is wrong give reasons.
Ans:-
(a) Sunita is the quieter of four sisters.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: When more than two nouns are compared superlative adjective should be used, i.e. quietest
Correct sentence- Sunita is the quietest of the four sister
• Look at the sentences given below. Find out which one is correct. If the sentence is wrong give reasons.
Ans:-
(a) Sunita is the quieter of four sisters.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: When more than two nouns are compared superlative adjective should be used, i.e. quietest
Correct sentence- Sunita is the quietest of the four sister
(b) Anil's computer is more new than mine.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: More new' is the wrong form of comparative degree of the adjective ‘new'.
Correct sentence- Anil’s computer is newer than mine.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: More new' is the wrong form of comparative degree of the adjective ‘new'.
Correct sentence- Anil’s computer is newer than mine.
(c) I have the wonderfullest mother in the world.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘wonderfullest’ is the wrong form of superlative degree of the adjective 'wonderful’.
Correct sentence- I have the most wonderful mother in the world.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘wonderfullest’ is the wrong form of superlative degree of the adjective 'wonderful’.
Correct sentence- I have the most wonderful mother in the world.
(d) Aditi is more carefuller than Mary.
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘More carefuller' is the wrong form of comparative degree of ‘careful’.
Correct sentence- Aditi is more careful than Mary
Ans. The above sentence is wrong.
Reason: ‘More carefuller' is the wrong form of comparative degree of ‘careful’.
Correct sentence- Aditi is more careful than Mary
• When we compare two nouns, we use
comparative adjectives. When we compare more than two nouns, we use superlative
adjectives.
For Example. – a. Milind is taller than John.
b. Zakir is the tallest of the three brothers.
• Look at the following sentences and observe the changes in the three sentences. Discuss the changes and note your responses:
a. Atul is not as bright as Milind in studies.
Ans. Positive
b. The dining room is brighter than the kitchen.
Ans. Comparative
c. Anne is the brightest girl in class.
Ans. Superlative
• Make a list of adjectives in three different forms of comparison. Use different texts to find these.
Ans:-
For Example. – a. Milind is taller than John.
b. Zakir is the tallest of the three brothers.
• Look at the following sentences and observe the changes in the three sentences. Discuss the changes and note your responses:
a. Atul is not as bright as Milind in studies.
Ans. Positive
b. The dining room is brighter than the kitchen.
Ans. Comparative
c. Anne is the brightest girl in class.
Ans. Superlative
• Make a list of adjectives in three different forms of comparison. Use different texts to find these.
Ans:-
• Fill in the blanks with comparative,
superlative and positive forms of the correct adjectives in the brackets.
Ans:-
Ans:-
a. You are very naughty. You are cleverer
than your brother (clever)
d. My new house is bigger than the one I used to live in. (big)
(A7) Project: Go to your college library or surf the internet for names of various mountaineers who have successfully climbed Mt. Everest. Write in your notebook about their struggles, the interesting anecdotes they have shared, their failures and the message that we get from their lives. Submit them to your teacher.
Ans:-
d. My new house is bigger than the one I used to live in. (big)
(A7) Project: Go to your college library or surf the internet for names of various mountaineers who have successfully climbed Mt. Everest. Write in your notebook about their struggles, the interesting anecdotes they have shared, their failures and the message that we get from their lives. Submit them to your teacher.
Ans:-
विद्यार्थ्यांनी इंटरनेटवर वरील कृतीची माहिती शोधून वहीत लिहायची आहे.
